Related Experiment Videos

High triglycerides/low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischemic electrocardiogram changes, and risk of ischemic

Jørgen Jeppesen1, Hans Ole Hein, Poul Suadicani

  • 1Copenhagen Male Study, Epidemiological Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark. hoh01@bbh.hosp.dk

American Heart Journal
|January 7, 2003
PubMed

Insights

High triglycerides/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes significantly increase ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk in men. Combining these factors indicates a particularly poor prognosis for IHD development and mortality.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • High triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are established risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD).
  • Ischemic ST-T changes on resting electrocardiogram (ECG) also independently predict IHD risk.
  • These factors are particularly relevant in men without pre-existing cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined prognostic value of high TG/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes in men without clinical IHD.
  • To determine if these two risk factors have a synergistic effect on IHD development and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 2906 men aged 53-74 years without overt IHD at baseline.
  • Follow-up for 8 years to ascertain incident IHD cases, including fatal events.
  • Statistical analysis to assess the relative risk and interaction effects of high TG/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes.

Main Results:

  • During 8 years, 229 men developed IHD, with 61 fatal cases.
  • Men with both high TG/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes had a 3.5-fold increased risk of total IHD and an 11.2-fold increased risk of fatal IHD compared to those without these factors.
  • Adjusted analysis revealed a significant interaction between high TG/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes, predicting IHD death with a relative risk of 2.6.

Conclusions:

  • Ischemic ECG changes are a significantly stronger predictor of fatal IHD in men with high TG/low HDL-C.
  • An adverse synergistic effect exists between high TG/low HDL-C and ischemic ECG changes in predicting fatal IHD among men without prior clinical cardiovascular disease.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...