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Clinical and biochemical profiles of young diabetics in North-Eastern India

V P Jyotsna1, S K Singh, D Gopal

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|January 9, 2003
PubMed

Insights

In North Eastern India, fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and malnutrition modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) are the most common types of diabetes in young adults. Many of these patients present with microvascular complications at diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus in young individuals presents unique challenges.
  • Understanding the specific subtypes and their clinical characteristics is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the profile of young diabetics in North Eastern India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical and biochemical profiles of different subtypes of diabetes in young individuals (<30 years) in North Eastern India.
  • To identify the predominant types of diabetes and their associated complications in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A study of seventy young diabetic patients (<30 years).
  • Classification into four groups: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), Fibrocalculous Pancreatic Diabetes (FCPD), Protein-Deficient Diabetes Mellitus/Malnutrition Modulated Diabetes Mellitus (PDDM/MMDM), and NIDDM of Young (NIDDY).
  • Utilized ultrasonography (USG), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticoduodenography (ERCP), and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) for assessment.

Main Results:

  • Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) was the most prevalent (32.9%), followed by IDDM (28.6%), MMDM (21.4%), and NIDDY (17.11%).
  • USG and ERCP revealed pancreatic abnormalities in FCPD patients.
  • Insulin resistance was common in FCPD and MMDM. Lipid profiles showed lower HDL in NIDDY and higher VLDL/triglycerides in FCPD/MMDM.
  • Microvascular complications were observed in all groups, with peripheral neuropathy in FCPD and retinopathy in NIDDY.

Conclusions:

  • Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and malnutrition modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) together constitute the majority (54.29%) of young diabetics in this region.
  • A significant proportion of these young diabetics exhibit microvascular complications at the time of diagnosis, necessitating early intervention.
Abstract

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