Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
05:45

Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures

Published on: November 2, 2015

Periodic apnea, exercise hypoventilation, and hypothalamic dysfunction

M A Moskowitz, J N Fisher, M D Simpser

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |February 1, 1976
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans09:54

    A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

    Published on: December 22, 2016

    Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing05:45

    Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing

    Published on: October 25, 2019

    Related Concept Videos

    Physiological Control of Respiration01:23

    Physiological Control of Respiration

    Introduction
    Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
    Regulation of Ventilation
    The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
    Alterations in Respiration II01:30

    Alterations in Respiration II

    There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
    In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
    Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

    Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

    Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
    Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

    Acute Respiratory Failure-II

    Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
    The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
    Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

    Acute Respiratory Failure-III

    Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
    Sleep Apnea01:21

    Sleep Apnea

    Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
    The condition is more prevalent among...