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Current Therapies for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes
Myrna R. Rosenfeld1, Josep Dalmau
1*Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3 W. Gates, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. jdalmau@aol.com
Current Treatment Options in Neurology
|January 11, 2003
Summary
Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) involve immune responses to cancer, affecting the nervous system. Prompt tumor treatment offers the best approach, though some cases may benefit from immunotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) are a diverse group of disorders affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems.
- These syndromes are often triggered by an underlying malignancy and mediated by immune responses.
- Various immune mechanisms and antigenic targets are implicated in PNS development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the understanding of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes.
- To discuss the immunologic basis and clinical presentation of PNS.
- To outline diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PNS.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes.
- Analysis of immunologic mechanisms and antigenic targets in PNS.
- Evaluation of treatment responses and outcomes.
Main Results:
- PNS can affect any part of the nervous system and are often immune-mediated due to cancer.
- Some PNS, particularly those involving antibodies, may respond to immunotherapy.
- Most PNS have disappointing responses to therapy; prompt tumor detection and treatment are crucial.
Conclusions:
- The primary goal in managing PNS is to identify and treat the associated cancer.
- Supportive care, including symptomatic treatment and physical therapy, is essential for managing neurologic deficits.
- Immunosuppression may be beneficial in select early-stage PNS cases.