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Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...

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Peptide Scanning-assisted Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody-recognized Linear B-cell Epitope
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Identification of B- and T-cell epitopes of BB, a carrier protein derived from the G protein of Streptococcus strain

Liliane Goetsch1, Jean Francois Haeuw, Thierry Champion

  • 1Centre d'Immunologie Pierre Fabre, 74164 Saint-Julien en Genevois, France.

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
|January 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A novel carrier molecule, BB, derived from Streptococcus G protein, effectively induces strong antibody responses when conjugated. This research maps key T and B cell epitopes on BB, aiding the development of optimized vaccine carriers.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccine Development
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional vaccines often use poorly immunogenic killed organisms or purified proteins requiring carrier molecules.
  • The G protein of Streptococcus strain G148 yields a novel carrier molecule, designated BB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize T and B cell epitopes within the BB carrier molecule.
  • To investigate the potential of BB as an optimized carrier for vaccine development by mapping its immunogenic regions.

Main Methods:

  • Immunization of BALB/c mice with BB.
  • Peptide scanning (pepscan) analysis of B and T cell responses in mice.
  • Comparison of mouse B and T cell epitope mapping with human sera and T cell analyses.

Main Results:

  • BB contains two distinct T helper epitopes, seven linear B-cell epitopes, and one conformational B-cell epitope in mice.
  • Four linear B-cell epitopes were identified in human sera, with three overlapping mouse epitopes.
  • Three human T-cell epitopes were detected on BB, with one common to mice and humans, located within the albumin-binding region.

Conclusions:

  • BB demonstrates significant potential as a carrier molecule for vaccine development due to its immunogenicity and epitope distribution.
  • Mapping of conserved T and B cell epitopes, particularly within the albumin-binding region, provides a basis for designing improved BB-derived vaccine carriers.