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Interferon-induced Raynaud's syndrome.

Daniel Schapira¹, Abraham Menahem Nahir, Nuhad Hadad

¹B. Shine Department of Rheumatology, Department of Hematology, Rambam Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

|January 16, 2003

Summary

Interferon therapy can cause Raynaud's phenomenon, a condition affecting blood vessels. Early recognition and drug withdrawal can prevent severe complications like tissue necrosis and amputation.

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Area of Science:

Medical Science
Pharmacology
Vascular Medicine

Background:

Interferon therapy is widely used for various medical conditions.
Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition characterized by vasospasm in extremities.
The link between interferon use and Raynaud's phenomenon requires thorough investigation.

Observation:

A review of 24 cases identified interferon-induced Raynaud's phenomenon.
Interferon-alpha was the most frequent cause, with symptoms appearing weeks to years after treatment initiation.
Manifestations ranged from mild vasospasm to severe digital artery occlusion, necrosis, and amputation in some cases.

Findings:

Diagnostic tools such as digital plethysmography, arteriography, and capillaroscopy proved valuable.

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Associated ischemia in cardiac, ophthalmic, or central nervous system was noted in some patients.

Drug withdrawal led to recovery in most cases, with supportive therapy for others.

Implications:

Raynaud's phenomenon should be considered a potential adverse effect of interferon therapy.
Prompt diagnosis and discontinuation of interferon are crucial to mitigate morbidity and disability.
Awareness among clinicians can improve patient outcomes and prevent severe complications.