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Amifostine protects blood vessels from the effects of ionizing radiation
Efstathia Giannopoulou1, Panagiotis Katsoris, Anastasia Parthymou
1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR 26504 Patras, Greece.
Abstract:
Amifostine (WR-2721) is a well-known radioprotective drug, selective for normal cells. The purpose of the present study was to define whether amifostine protects the vascular network from the effects of X-rays. We used the in vivo system of chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as a model of angiogenesis. Amifostine reversed the early X-rays- induced decrease in the number of CAM blood vessels and reversed the early radiation-induced apoptosis of CAM cells. It also inhibited the increase in tyrosine nitration of actin and a-tubulin, which was observed 6 hours after CAM irradiation, when there was a significant decrease in non-protein SH groups. Furthermore, C6 rat glioma cells were inoculated on CAM and tumor growth, as well as tumor-induced angiogenesis, was estimated on haematoxylin-eosin-stained paraffin sections. Amifostine inhibited the post irradiation increase of C6 tumor-induced angiogenesis. These data suggest that amifostine protects CAM cells and blood vessels from the effects of X-rays, through mechanisms that do not depend solely on its free radical scavenging properties.
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