[Computerized 3-D model to study biomechanics of the middle ear using the finite element method]

Based on known data about the behavior of the sound transmission mechanism, we generate a model that reproduces the real mechanics of the middle ear by the finite elements method in the most exact manner possible. We designed a computerized model to simulate the biomechanic behavior of the ear drum/ossicular chain. The investigation focused on a possible clinical application, given that the variables necessary for simulation of several conditions can be introduced in our model: tympanic perforation, fixation of the ossicular chain, chain interruption, etc. Introducing the characteristics of the lesion virtually in a simulator program market is possible to reach conclusions about the conductive hypoacusis created and about therapeutic possibilities. The 3-D modelling of the tympanic membrane, malleus, incus and stapes is presented, considering form, weight, density, Young's module (N/m2) and Poisson coefficient for the different parts of each ossicle. The modeling of the union of the different tympanic-ossicular elements, including muscles and ligaments, is also shown.