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Sexual dimorphism in trauma? A retrospective evaluation of outcome
B Jason Bowles1, Bradley Roth, Demetrios Demetriades
1Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Purpose:
Multiple studies have demonstrated a heightened immune response in female animals subjected to trauma-hemorrhage models and have implied a subsequent survival advantage.
Procedures:
A retrospective review of outcome in 15,170 trauma admissions over a 5-year-period (1993-1997) at a level 1-trauma center was performed. A comparison of outcome by gender, age, injury severity score (ISS), mechanism of injury, location of injury (AIS), and length of hospitalization (intensive care unit and total hospitalization) was performed.
Findings:
There were 12,456 male and 2714 female patients included in the study. Overall survival rates (male = 90.2%, female = 90.8%) and survival of serious (ISS > or = 15) trauma (male = 63.5%, female = 60.5%) were not statistically different. Logistic regression analysis identified age, mechanism and ISS as factors associated with survival.
Conclusion:
Retrospective evaluation of our trauma population failed to show a difference in outcome between male and female trauma patients. Age, mechanism and severity of injury-but not gender-were identified as factors influencing survival.
