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Ocular manifestations of congenital rubella syndrome in a developing country

P Vijayalakshmi1, Gaurav Kakkar, Arun Samprathi

  • 1Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Aravind Eye Hospitals, Madurai, India. p.vijayalakshmi@aravind.org

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 21, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) often causes severe eye problems like cataracts and microphthalmos in infants. Early diagnosis is crucial, as CRS can affect multiple body systems.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a significant cause of congenital cataracts, particularly in developing regions.
  • Understanding the spectrum of ocular manifestations is vital for timely diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the ocular findings in infants diagnosed with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS).
  • To highlight CRS as a key cause of congenital cataracts in developing countries.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 46 infants under 12 months with confirmed CRS.
  • Review of ocular and systemic examination data collected between 1993 and 2001.

Main Results:

  • Ocular involvement was prevalent, affecting 89% of patients bilaterally.
  • Cataracts (93.1%), microphthalmos (85.1%), and iris abnormalities (58.6%) were common ocular findings.
  • Systemic anomalies, including cardiac (50%) and neurological (34%), were frequent, with 70% exhibiting multi-system involvement.

Conclusions:

  • CRS presents with diverse ocular and systemic features, necessitating a high index of suspicion.
  • Infants with congenital cataracts should be evaluated for CRS to ensure appropriate intervention.
Abstract

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