Variability in responsiveness to irritants: thoughts on possible underlying mechanisms
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 27, 2026

Evaluation of Respiratory System Mechanics in Mice using the Forced Oscillation Technique
Published on: May 15, 2013
1Department of Dermatology, Amersham Hospital, Whielden Street, Amersham, UK. carolyn.willis@sbucks.nhs.uk
Abstract:
Patch testing with chemical irritants almost always produces a striking variability in the intensity of reaction between individuals, even amongst normal, healthy subjects. Whilst there have been many attempts to define factors which predispose to heightened or, conversely, to diminished reactivity, the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible for the variability remain poorly understood. In this review, a number of possible explanations are proposed, with a particular emphasis on those which relate to the influence of pre-existing disease or to the genetic regulation of certain immunological and inflammatory processes.
Related Concept Videos
Asthma I: Introduction
Allergic Reactions
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Hypersensitivities
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Allergic Drug Reactions
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
