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Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by isocyanates.
A Goossens1, T Detienne, M Bruze
1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Contact Dermatitis
|January 22, 2003
Summary
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from isocyanates and polyurethanes is a significant concern. Diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA) can serve as a key indicator for isocyanate sensitivity in affected workers.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Dermatology
- Allergic Contact Dermatitis
- Toxicology
Background:
- Isocyanates and polyurethanes are widely used industrial chemicals.
- Occupational exposure to these substances can lead to allergic contact dermatitis.
- Diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA) is a component in the production and processing of isocyanates and polyurethanes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific trades and industries associated with contact allergy to isocyanates and polyurethanes.
- To investigate the role of diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA) in isocyanate-induced allergic contact dermatitis.
- To establish diagnostic guidelines for occupational contact allergy to these resins.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 22 patients diagnosed with occupation-related allergic contact dermatitis between 1978 and 2001.
- Patch testing with relevant isocyanates and diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA).
- Correlation of positive patch test reactions with occupational exposures.
Main Results:
- 22 patients diagnosed with occupation-related allergic contact dermatitis.
- 13 patients showed positive reactions to isocyanates; 10 of these also reacted to MDA.
- 9 patients reacted exclusively to MDA, indicating its potential as a sole or contributing allergen.
Conclusions:
- Contact allergy to isocyanates and polyurethanes affects various trades and industries.
- Patch testing with workplace isocyanates is crucial for diagnosis.
- Positive reactions to MDA should be considered a marker for isocyanate sensitivity, aiding in diagnosis and management.