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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

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At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
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The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
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Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side...
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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution
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The double helix in clinical practice.

John I Bell1

  • 1The Office of the Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. regius@medsci.ox.ac.uk

Nature
|January 24, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The double helix discovery, made 50 years ago, has had a slow impact on medicine. Future medical practice and doctor training must evolve to realize its significant potential benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Medical Practice Transformation

Background:

  • The foundational discovery of the double helix structure of DNA occurred 50 years ago.
  • The integration of this fundamental biological discovery into routine medical practice has been gradual.
  • Anticipation of substantial future impacts on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the historical impact of the double helix discovery on medical practice.
  • To forecast the potential transformations in medicine over the next 50 years.
  • To identify necessary changes in medical training and practice for future benefit realization.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of the integration of genetic discoveries into medicine.
  • Prospective analysis of future trends in medical technology and education.
  • Review of current medical training curricula and practice standards.

Main Results:

  • The clinical application of double helix insights has lagged behind the pace of scientific discovery.
  • Significant advancements in medical practice are predicted within the next five decades.
  • The realization of these advancements is contingent upon proactive adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • The medical field must adapt its practices and educational paradigms to harness the full potential of genetic discoveries.
  • Future medical training needs to incorporate advanced genetic principles and applications.
  • A proactive approach is essential to translate genomic potential into tangible healthcare improvements.