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Acute bacterial suppurative parotitis: microbiology and management
1Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. ib6@goergetown.edu
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|January 25, 2003
Summary
Acute bacterial parotitis commonly involves Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria. Effective treatment requires hydration, parenteral antimicrobials, and surgical drainage for abscesses, alongside good oral hygiene.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- The parotid gland is the most frequently inflamed salivary gland.
- Acute bacterial parotitis is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify common and rare pathogens causing parotitis.
- To outline current therapeutic strategies for bacterial parotitis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pathogens and treatments for parotitis.
- Analysis of common and less frequent causative microorganisms.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria (e.g., Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus) are predominant pathogens.
- Gram-negative bacilli, including Escherichia coli, are frequently observed in hospitalized patients.
- Less common agents include Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella spp., and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Conclusions:
- Therapy involves hydration, parenteral antimicrobials, and surgical drainage for abscesses.
- Antimicrobial selection should be guided by the identified etiologic agent.
- Preventive measures include maintaining oral hygiene, hydration, and prompt treatment of oropharyngeal infections.