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Spectral UV in public shade settings.

D J Turnbull1, A V Parisi

  • 1Centre for Astronomy, Solar Radiation and Atmospheric Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia. turnbull@usq.edu.au

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology
|January 28, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Shade structures offer limited ultraviolet (UV) protection, with UV levels in shaded areas sufficient to cause sunburn. The design and surroundings of shade significantly impact UV exposure, emphasizing careful construction for effective protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Dermatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses health risks, necessitating protective measures.
  • Shade is commonly used for UV protection, but its efficacy varies.
  • Understanding UV levels in different shade environments is crucial for public health guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify spectral UV irradiance in various shade environments.
  • To compare UV exposure under shade structures with direct sun exposure.
  • To determine the ultraviolet protection factors (UPF) of different shade types.

Main Methods:

  • Spectral UV irradiance measurements were taken under clear skies in a sub-tropical southern hemisphere location.
  • Measurements were conducted on horizontal, 45-degree, and vertical planes under shade umbrellas, covered verandahs, sand pits, and walkways.

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  • Data were collected across varying solar zenith angles and times of day between March and August.

    • Main Results:

    • Ultraviolet protection factors ranged from 1.4 to 10.
    • Sufficient UV radiation was present in shade to cause erythema (sunburn) in a short time.
    • UV levels under a covered verandah with trees were up to five times lower than under a shade umbrella without surrounding trees.

    Conclusions:

    • Shade structures provide variable UV protection, with significant erythemal UV levels detected in many shaded areas.
    • The surrounding environment and overall design of shade structures are critical determinants of UV exposure, not just material transmission.
    • Careful consideration of shade structure design and placement is essential to ensure adequate UV protection.