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A High-throughput Automated Platform for the Development of Manufacturing Cell Lines for Protein Therapeutics
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Cloned transgenic cattle produce milk with higher levels of beta-casein and kappa-casein.

Brigid Brophy1, Grant Smolenski, Thomas Wheeler

  • 1AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Nature Biotechnology
|January 28, 2003
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Transgenic dairy cows were created by adding bovine beta- and kappa-casein (CSN2 and CSN3) genes. This resulted in milk with higher casein concentrations, improving milk composition and processing efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Biotechnology
  • Dairy Science
  • Molecular Genetics

Background:

  • Milk composition significantly impacts processing efficiency and product quality.
  • Caseins are major milk proteins crucial for cheese production and nutritional value.
  • Genetic modification offers a potential route to improve desirable milk traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance milk casein concentration and improve milk processing efficiency.
  • To introduce additional copies of bovine beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3) genes into dairy cows.
  • To assess the feasibility of altering milk composition through transgenic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Gene introduction of bovine CSN2 and CSN3 into female bovine fibroblasts.
  • Nuclear transfer technique utilized with four independent donor cell lines.
  • Hormonal induction of lactation and subsequent milk analysis in transgenic calves.

Main Results:

  • Eleven transgenic calves were successfully produced from four donor cell lines.
  • Transgene-derived caseins were expressed and secreted into the milk of nine cows.
  • Milk exhibited an 8-20% increase in beta-casein and a twofold increase in kappa-casein.

Conclusions:

  • It is feasible to substantially alter milk composition in high-producing dairy cows using transgenic technology.
  • Increased casein levels in milk can improve its functional properties for processing.
  • This approach holds potential for enhancing the dairy industry's efficiency and product quality.