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Central nervous system cryptococcoma in a cat.

L Mandrioli1, G Bettini, P S Marcato

  • 1Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. lmandrioli@vet.unibo.it

Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine
|January 29, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A 4-year-old cat presented with systemic Cryptococcus neoformans infection, showing a pontine mass and kidney lesions. Diagnosis was confirmed via histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy, identifying Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Systemic fungal infections can present with diverse clinical signs in animals.
  • Cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on integrating gross, microscopic, and advanced imaging techniques.

Observation:

  • A 4-year-old cat exhibited a pontine mass, cerebellar, and renal lesions.
  • Initial presumptive diagnosis was cerebral neoplasia with metastasis.
  • Gross lesions included a 1-cm pontine mass and pinpoint renal lesions.

Findings:

  • Histopathology revealed extensive yeast presence with pyogranulomatous inflammation in the brain and kidney.
  • Mucicarmine staining confirmed yeast capsules, indicative of Cryptococcus neoformans.

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  • Immunohistochemistry identified the pathogen as Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A).
  • Electron microscopy showed yeasts with characteristic fibrillar capsules and lamellar cell walls.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering fungal infections in differential diagnoses for neurological and systemic signs in cats.
    • Detailed pathological analysis is crucial for identifying the specific Cryptococcus neoformans variant.
    • Understanding the ultrastructural features aids in pathogen identification and understanding host-pathogen interactions.