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Chemoprevention of oral cancer by black raspberries
Bruce C Casto1, Laura A Kresty, Carrie L Kraly
1Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Abstract:
Oral cavity cancers represent 2.5% of the cancers that occur in the United States and are ranked sixth worldwide. Since current therapeutic protocols are relatively ineffective, alternative strategies for prevention need to be developed and tested in appropriate animal models. In the study reported herein, the hamster cheek pouch (HCP) was used to evaluate the ability of black raspberries to inhibit oral cavity tumors. Male Syrian Golden hamsters, 3-4 weeks of age, were fed 5% and 10% lyophilized black raspberries (LBR) in the diet for two weeks prior to treatment with 0.2% 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene in dimethylsulfoxide and for 10 weeks thereafter. HCPs were painted 3X/week for eight weeks. The animals were sacrificed 12-13 weeks from the beginning of DMBA treatment and the number and volume of tumors (mm3) determined. There was a significant difference (p = 0.02) in the number of tumors between the 5% LBR and control groups (27 tumors/14 animals and 48 tumors/15 animals, respectively) and an intermediate number of tumors in the 10% berry-treated animals (39 tumors/15 animals). These experiments support previous studies from our laboratories showing the chemopreventive activity of black raspberries and show, for the first time, that dietary black raspberries will inhibit tumor formation in the oral cavity.
Insights
Black raspberries significantly inhibit oral cavity tumor formation in a hamster model. Dietary black raspberries show chemopreventive activity, supporting their use in preventing oral cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Chemoprevention
- Animal Models
Background:
- Oral cavity cancers rank sixth globally and are a significant health concern.
- Current treatments for oral cancers have limited efficacy, necessitating novel prevention strategies.
- The hamster cheek pouch model is a validated system for studying oral carcinogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the chemopreventive potential of black raspberries against oral tumors.
- To determine the efficacy of dietary lyophilized black raspberries (LBR) in inhibiting chemically induced oral tumors.
- To assess the impact of different LBR concentrations on tumor development.
Main Methods:
- Male Syrian Golden hamsters were fed diets containing 5% or 10% LBR for two weeks.
- Animals were treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) to induce oral tumors.
- Tumor incidence and volume were measured after 12-13 weeks of DMBA treatment.
Main Results:
- A significant reduction in tumor number was observed in the 5% LBR group compared to controls (p = 0.02).
- The 5% LBR group had 27 tumors in 14 animals, while the control group had 48 tumors in 15 animals.
- The 10% LBR group showed an intermediate number of tumors, suggesting a dose-dependent effect.
Conclusions:
- Dietary black raspberries demonstrate significant chemopreventive activity against oral cavity tumors.
- These findings provide the first evidence that black raspberries inhibit oral tumor formation in the hamster cheek pouch model.
- Black raspberries represent a promising natural strategy for oral cancer prevention.
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