Erdheim-Chester disease: a rare cause of paraplegia

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is characterized by osteosclerosis of the metaphyseal regions of long bones and several extraskeletal manifestations. Clinically, it ranges from an asymptomatic focal process to systemic disease with life-threatening visceral involvement. Until now, only two cases of Erdheim-Chester disease with paraparesis have been reported. Herein we report the first case of Erdheim-Chester disease with the clinical manifestation of paraplegia. Our patient also had diabetes insipidus, pleural and pericardial effusion, retro-orbital and cavernous sinus masses, fibrotic changes in the retroperitoneal, perirenal, and periaortic areas, and epidural space-occupying lesions. We want to emphasize that ECD may be a very rare cause of paraplegia.