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Platelet CD62p expression and microparticle in murine acquired immune deficiency syndrome and chronic ethanol
Yinhong Chen1, Grace Davis-Gorman, Ronald R Watson
1Divison of Health Promotion Science, College of Public Health, College of Medicine and The Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Aims:
Abnormal platelet counts have been noticed in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. However, the actual state of platelets in AIDS is unclear. We hypothesize that platelets are activated and platelet-derived microparticles increase in murine AIDS.
Methods:
To elucidate the ethanol effects on platelets in murine AIDS, we studied four groups: control, murine AIDS, ethanol, and ethanol plus murine AIDS. Platelet CD62p as a platelet activation marker and CD61(+) microparticles as platelet microparticles (PMPs) were measured by flow cytometry.
Results:
Platelets were significantly activated in mice with murine AIDS and chronic ethanol consumption. Increased platelet CD62p expression and increased PMPs were most pronounced in advanced stages of murine AIDS. Chronic ethanol consumption persistently enhanced platelet activation and PMP formation.
Conclusions:
Elevated platelet CD62p and PMPs may represent a pro-thrombotic status that have important pathological consequences.
Insights
Platelets become activated and increase in number in mice with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), especially with chronic ethanol consumption. This platelet activation and microparticle formation may lead to a pro-thrombotic state.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Abnormal platelet counts are observed in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients.
- The precise role of platelets in AIDS pathogenesis remains unclear.
- Platelet activation and microparticle formation are implicated in thrombotic events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate platelet activation and platelet-derived microparticle (PMP) levels in a murine model of AIDS.
- To determine the impact of chronic ethanol consumption on platelet status in murine AIDS.
- To assess the correlation between disease progression and platelet activation markers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a murine AIDS model and four experimental groups: control, murine AIDS, ethanol, and ethanol plus murine AIDS.
- Measured platelet activation using CD62p expression via flow cytometry.
- Quantified platelet microparticles (PMPs) by detecting CD61(+) microparticles using flow cytometry.
Main Results:
- Significant platelet activation (increased CD62p) and elevated PMPs were observed in mice with murine AIDS and chronic ethanol consumption.
- These changes were most pronounced in advanced stages of murine AIDS.
- Chronic ethanol consumption consistently exacerbated platelet activation and PMP generation.
Conclusions:
- Elevated platelet activation marker CD62p and increased PMPs indicate a pro-thrombotic state in murine AIDS.
- These findings suggest potential pathological consequences related to thrombosis in AIDS.
- Ethanol exacerbates platelet activation and PMP formation, highlighting a dual risk factor.