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Related Experiment Videos

Adrenergic pathways and left ventricular remodeling.

Gerald W Dorn1

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0542, USA.

Journal of Cardiac Failure
|January 30, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Cardiac sympathetic tone activates alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to distinct signaling pathways. Alpha-adrenergic activation promotes cardiac hypertrophy, while beta-adrenergic activation increases contractility but can cause cardiomyocyte loss and cardiomyopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling

Background:

  • Cardiac insufficiency increases sympathetic tone, releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine.
  • These catecholamines activate cardiomyocyte alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors.
  • These receptors trigger distinct signaling pathways with different cardiac outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the distinct in vivo effects of alpha- and beta-adrenergic signaling pathways in the heart.
  • To investigate the role of these pathways in cardiac remodeling and pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cardiac-specific transgenic overexpression of signaling pathway components.
  • Studied the effects of alpha-adrenergic receptors, Gq protein alpha subunit, beta-adrenergic receptors, and Gs protein alpha subunit.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed ventricular remodeling, cardiomyocyte size, gene reexpression, apoptosis, and fibrosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Alpha-adrenergic/Gq pathway activation leads to cardiac hypertrophy, mimicking pressure overload.
    • Inhibition of Gq signaling prevents pressure overload-induced hypertrophy.
    • Excessive Gq signaling causes cardiomyocyte apoptosis and dilated cardiomyopathy.
    • Beta-adrenergic/Gs pathway activation increases contractility but causes cardiomyocyte loss and fibrotic cardiomyopathy, resembling catecholamine cardiomyopathy.

    Conclusions:

    • Alpha- and beta-adrenergic signaling pathways exert distinct and critical roles in cardiac function and disease.
    • Alpha-adrenergic/Gq signaling is a key driver of cardiac hypertrophy.
    • Beta-adrenergic/Gs signaling, particularly beta-1, can lead to detrimental cardiomyocyte loss and cardiomyopathy.
    • These findings provide insights into catecholamine-induced heart conditions.