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Using chemomechanically assisted diamond bur cutting for improved efficiency.

J Anthony von Fraunhofer1, Sharon Crane Siegel

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA. AVF001@dental.umaryland.edu

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|January 31, 2003
PubMed
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Adding mouthwash to dental handpiece coolant significantly boosts diamond bur cutting rates (CRs) and extends their lifespan. This chemomechanical effect (CME) enhances efficiency and longevity compared to water alone.

Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Biomaterials engineering
  • Mechanical engineering

Background:

  • Surface active agents in handpiece coolants enhance cutting rates (CRs) via chemomechanical effects (CMEs).
  • This study investigates the long-term impact of CMEs on diamond bur cutting performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of chemomechanical effects (CMEs) on the long-term cutting performance of diamond burs.
  • To compare the efficacy of mouthwash/water mixtures versus distilled water as handpiece coolants.

Main Methods:

  • Medium-grit diamond burs were tested in a high-speed handpiece under a 147.5-gram load at 350,000 rpm.
  • Coolant flow was 22 ml/min, using either distilled water or a 1:10 mouthwash/water mixture.
  • Cutting performance was assessed by repeated 6mm edge cuts on glass ceramic bars until CR decreased by over 75%, with data analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffé tests.

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Main Results:

  • Water irrigation alone caused an 87% decrease in CR over eight cuts.
  • CME-enhanced coolants maintained nearly 40% of initial CR after 12 cuts, significantly outperforming water.
  • Mouthwash/water mixtures significantly enhanced CRs and prolonged bur service life compared to water alone.

Conclusions:

  • Diluted alcohol- and glycerol-based mouthwash/water mixtures significantly improve diamond bur cutting rates.
  • These mixtures extend bur service life by over 50% compared to water irrigation.
  • Dentists can increase bur CRs and cutting life by up to 200% using mouthwash coolant.