[Quantitative genetic analysis and multiple trait selection of pharmaceutical composition on Ginkgo biloba L. leaves]

The China possesses more than 70% Ginkgo resources in the world. The purposes of this research are to collect fine seedling and grafting clones in China, to probe genetic law on flavone glycosides and terpenes on Ginkgo leaves, and select leaf-used cultivars of high-pharmaceutical composition. In this research, we have collected 87 clones from 13 provenances and have carried out randomized block experiment at Tancheng, Laizhou and Yaoxiang in Shandong Province. Flavone glycosides and terpenes were determined through HPLC method from an improved Van Beek (1991) techniques and Shimadzu Lc-10 AD (Japan). Data and breeding analyses were carried out through IBMPC and SPQG30 software. The results of variance analyses show that there are significant differences to flavone glycosides, terpenes in clones, and the law of genetic parameters on heritability (h2) and genetic variability coefficient (Gcv), is clone > sex > provenance to flavone glycosides in ginkgo leaves. The sigma g2, h2, Gcv and delta G' in male tree clone leaves are higher than female clone leaves on flavone glycosides. We have found that there is a maximum flavone content clone among males and a maximum terpene clone among females. The results of Q-cluster analyses are consistent with R-factor analyses of twenty higher terpenes clones. The results of index selection show that the ri.Y2, E(I) and CGS' of multiple traits selection including (gamma) trait are higher than single trait and multiple traits selection excluding gamma. The direct or index selection is more suited to leaf-used cultivars of Ginkgo. The genetic stability of each clone was appraised by Wricke's ecovalence method and Nassar & Huhu noparameter method. Flavone glycosides and terpenes are more than 2.09%-2.57% and 0.33%-0.41%, respectively, and we have selected four clones.