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Epidemiology of cholera--a five year study
J K Bajaj1, V P Baradker, S G Joshi
1Deptt of Microbiology, Govt. Medical College, Aurangabad-431001.
The Journal of Communicable Diseases
|February 4, 2003
Summary
This study analyzed 286 Vibrio cholerae strains over five years. Results show shifts in serogroups (O1 and O-139) and serotypes (Ogawa and Inaba), potentially influenced by population immunity.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Epidemiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Cholera remains a significant public health concern globally.
- Understanding Vibrio cholerae serotype dynamics is crucial for effective disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the serotype distribution and temporal shifts of Vibrio cholerae strains over a five-year period.
- To identify demographic patterns associated with cholera infections.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and identification of 286 Vibrio cholerae strains using standard microbiological techniques.
- Serological confirmation through slide agglutination tests with specific antisera (polyvalent, Ogawa, Inaba, O-139).
Main Results:
- The majority of infections occurred in children aged 0-10 years, with a higher incidence in females.
- Vibrio cholerae O-139 was detected in 1998 and 2000; serotype Inaba was isolated only in 1999.
- All other isolates belonged to the Ogawa serotype, indicating a periodic shift between O1 and O-139 serogroups.
Conclusions:
- The observed periodic shifts between O1 and O-139 serogroups, and between Ogawa and Inaba serotypes, may be driven by population immunity and immune pressure.
- These findings highlight the evolving epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae and the need for ongoing surveillance.