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Neutrophils in asthma pathophysiology.

Madeleine Ennis1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, UK. m.ennis@qub.ac.uk

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|February 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Neutrophils, though not typically studied in mild asthma, are elevated in severe cases and pediatric asthma. Inflammatory mediators indicate neutrophil activation in asthma patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Allergy

Background:

  • Eosinophils, mast cells, and T cells are established players in asthma.
  • The role of neutrophils in asthma pathogenesis is increasingly recognized.
  • Neutrophil involvement may differ between mild and severe asthma phenotypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of neutrophils in asthma.
  • To examine neutrophil levels in different asthma severity groups and pediatric populations.
  • To assess evidence of neutrophil activation in asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on neutrophil counts in mild and severe asthma.
  • Analysis of pediatric asthma studies, focusing on wheeze phenotypes.
  • Examination of inflammatory mediator measurements in asthmatic airways.

Main Results:

  • Neutrophil counts are generally similar to controls in mild asthma.
  • Elevated neutrophil numbers are observed in severe asthma, including fatal cases.
  • Increased neutrophils are noted in some pediatric asthma patients, particularly in infantile wheeze.
  • Airway inflammatory mediators suggest neutrophil activation in asthmatics.

Conclusions:

  • Neutrophils may play a significant role, particularly in severe and pediatric asthma.
  • Neutrophil activation is suggested by inflammatory markers in the airways.
  • Further research into neutrophil-targeted therapies for severe asthma is warranted.

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