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Amount of air infused to patient increases as fluid flow rates decrease when using the Hotline HL-90 fluid warmer.

S Woon1, P Talke

  • 1University of California, Los Angeles 94143-0648, USA.

Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
|February 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Fluid warming devices can infuse air into patients, increasing the risk of air embolism. Lower infusion rates significantly increase the volume of air delivered, posing a potential patient safety hazard during surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Fluid warming devices are recommended to prevent perioperative hypothermia.
  • Potential risks associated with these devices, such as air infusion, require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the volume of air infused from a warmed intravenous solution using a specific fluid warmer.
  • To assess the risk of air embolism associated with intraoperative fluid warming.

Main Methods:

  • Tested the HL-90 Hotline fluid warmer with L-70 tubing at various flow rates (150-3400 ml/h).
  • Collected and measured air volume from infused lactated Ringer's solution using a bubble trap.
  • Evaluated the efficacy of the L-10 Gas Vent in reducing air infusion.

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Main Results:

  • Air volume infused significantly increased as flow rate decreased (p < 0.0001).
  • At 150 ml/h, air volume was 2.9 +/- 0.4 ml, compared to 1.0 +/- 0.2 ml at 3400 ml/h.
  • The L-10 gas eliminator did not effectively reduce infused air volume.

Conclusions:

  • Hotline fluid warmer use can lead to patient infusion of air.
  • This presents a potential risk of air embolism during surgical procedures.
  • Careful consideration of fluid warmer use and monitoring is warranted.