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Novaya Zemlya effect and sunsets.

Siebren Y van der Werf1, Gunther P Können, Waldemar H Lehn

  • 1Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747AA Groningen, The Netherlands. vdwerf@kvi.nl

Applied Optics
|February 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The Novaya Zemlya (NZ) effect, a rare atmospheric mirage, can cause the sun to appear visible after it has set. This study details the phenomenon

Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric optics
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • The Novaya Zemlya (NZ) effect is a complex atmospheric optical phenomenon.
  • It involves unusual solar light paths, particularly during sunset.
  • Understanding its systematics is crucial for interpreting polar observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze the Novaya Zemlya (NZ) effect.
  • To differentiate between full and subcritical mirages.
  • To provide observational evidence of the NZ effect beyond solar phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Ray-tracing simulations to model light paths.
  • Analysis of historical and recent observational data.
  • Comparison of solar and lunar observations of the NZ effect.

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Main Results:

  • Detailed classification of mirage types, including subcritical mirages.
  • Demonstration of oscillatory light paths associated with the NZ effect.
  • Report of a recent South Pole observation of the NZ effect for the Moon.

Conclusions:

  • The NZ effect's systematics are clarified through ray-tracing and observational data.
  • The phenomenon can manifest with celestial bodies other than the sun.
  • Historical and modern observations confirm the NZ effect's occurrence in polar regions.