Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

472
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
472
Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

4.7K
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
4.7K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

6.9K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
6.9K
Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

77.4K
Overview
77.4K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

848
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
848
Immunoprecipitation01:20

Immunoprecipitation

6.0K
Immunoprecipitation, or IP, is a widely used technique that employs protein-antibody interactions to isolate proteins or protein complexes in their native state for studying protein-protein interactions, quaternary structures, or supramolecular complexes. Various modifications of the technique, including chromatin IP, cross-linking IP, and fluorescence IP, are commonly used.
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Chromatin immunoprecipitation, also known as ChIP, is used to study protein-DNA or...
6.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Morphology of hemocytes from the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

Journal of morphology·2018
Same author

Alzheimer Disease: Clues from traditional and complementary medicine.

Journal of traditional and complementary medicine·2017
Same author

Understanding nutrition and immunity in disease management.

Journal of traditional and complementary medicine·2017
Same author

Exploiting leech saliva to treat osteoarthritis: A provocative perspective.

Journal of traditional and complementary medicine·2017
Same author

Commentary: Blurring Borders: Innate Immunity with Adaptive Features.

Frontiers in microbiology·2016
Same author

Acupuncture and Immunity.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM·2015
Same journal

Role of Phenolic Nanocompounds in Inflammatory Disorders: Current View and Future Aspects.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Overcoming Physiological Barriers in Brain Tumor Therapy: Advances in Nanomedicine, Ultramolecular Pharmaceuticals, and Targeted Drug Delivery.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Breathing Life into Research: The Transformative Potential of Lung-on-a-Chip Technology.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Cross-Tissue Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Prioritizes Candidate Genes and Compound-Associated Signatures for Osteoarthritis.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Emerging Role of AI in Gastroenterology and Hepatology: Revolutionizing Medical Device-Assisted Diagnosis.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
Same journal

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in Drug Targeting: Characterization, Patents, and Recent Innovations.

Current pharmaceutical design·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
08:52

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

10.9K

Comparative immunology.

Edwin L Cooper1

  • 1Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1763, USA. cooper@mednet.ucla.edu

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|February 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparative immunology, blending zoology and immunology, explores invertebrate immune systems as precursors to vertebrate innate immunity. This field is vital for understanding shared and unique biological defense mechanisms.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
07:25

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

Published on: May 4, 2017

17.9K
Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in the Frog Xenopus laevis
11:20

Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in the Frog Xenopus laevis

Published on: September 16, 2010

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
08:52

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

10.9K
In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
07:25

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

Published on: May 4, 2017

17.9K
Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in the Frog Xenopus laevis
11:20

Comparative in vivo Study of gp96 Adjuvanticity in the Frog Xenopus laevis

Published on: September 16, 2010

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • * Integrative Biology
  • * Zoology
  • * Immunology

Background:

  • * Comparative immunology emerged from early studies on invertebrate immunity, notably Metchnikoff's work on phagocytosis.
  • * It bridges immunology and zoology, examining invertebrate immune systems as evolutionary precursors to vertebrate innate and adaptive immunity.
  • * Invertebrate immunity is characterized as innate, non-specific, and non-clonal, contrasting with the vertebrate adaptive system's specificity and clonality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide an overview of current research in invertebrate immunology.
  • * To highlight the significance of comparative immunology in understanding fundamental biological defense mechanisms.
  • * To underscore the established nature and growing importance of the field.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of historical experiments in invertebrate immunology.
  • * Analysis of the characteristics differentiating invertebrate innate immunity from vertebrate adaptive immunity.
  • * Synthesis of current knowledge presented at a symposium on invertebrate immunology.

Main Results:

  • * Comparative immunology is a well-established scientific discipline with dedicated societies and journals.
  • * Invertebrate immune systems offer crucial insights into the evolution of immunity.
  • * There is significant interest in understanding the unique and shared features of immune systems across species.

Conclusions:

  • * Comparative immunology is integral to both zoology and immunology.
  • * Continued exploration of invertebrate immunity deepens our understanding of conserved and divergent immune strategies.
  • * The field's vigorous growth signifies its importance in modern biological research.