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[Botulinum toxin as a treatment for strabismus in systemic diseases]
S Moguel-Ancheita1, S Dixon-Olvera, S Martínez-Oropeza
1Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", ISSSTE, México.
Purpose:
To demonstrate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin for treating strabismus secondary to systemic diseases.
Material And Methods:
141 patients with secondary strabismus were studied. To reduce risks, the treatment with botulinum toxin was made by a direct technique proposed by the authors. The response to the treatment was classified according to the different physiopathogenic groups.
Results:
We found a positive response in: Central Neurological damage: 71%, Endocrinopathies: 78.6%, Brain infection: 80%, Trauma: 60%, Psychomotor defficiency: 72%, Prematurity: 74%, Myasthenia 75%, Hemathological diseases: 75%. The average of botulinum toxin applications was 1.5 infections.
Conclusions:
We show that the effectiveness of botulinum toxin in strabismus secondary to systemic disease is up to 74%. We can offer rehabilitation in all of these cases even during the sometimes long diagnostic period or in patients under treatment. We also suggest our direct technique for the application of botulinum toxin (without electromyography) to avoid risks in this type of patients. We are reporting the use and positive effect of the botulinum toxin chemodenervation in Myasthenia gravis, Human Acquired Immune-deficiency Syndrome, and mental defficiency.
Insights
Botulinum toxin effectively treats strabismus caused by systemic diseases, with an average success rate of 74%. A simplified injection technique is proposed to minimize risks for patients undergoing treatment.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
Context:
- Strabismus frequently arises secondary to various systemic conditions.
- Effective management of such cases is crucial for visual rehabilitation.
- Botulinum toxin offers a potential therapeutic avenue for complex strabismus.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin in treating strabismus secondary to systemic diseases.
- To assess the safety and effectiveness of a direct botulinum toxin injection technique.
- To report outcomes across diverse physiopathogenic groups.
Summary:
- A study of 141 patients with secondary strabismus demonstrated positive treatment responses.
- Botulinum toxin achieved high effectiveness rates, averaging 74% across conditions like neurological damage, endocrinopathies, and infections.
- The average number of botulinum toxin applications was 1.5.
Impact:
- Botulinum toxin provides a viable treatment option for strabismus associated with systemic illnesses.
- The proposed direct injection technique may reduce risks in vulnerable patient populations.
- This study highlights the utility of botulinum toxin in specific conditions including myasthenia gravis and HIV.