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Relationship between circulating serum soluble interleukin-6 receptor and the angiogenic cytokines basic fibroblast

M G Alexandrakis1, F H Passam, A Boula

  • 1Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Heraklion, P.O. Box 1352 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. freda@med.uoc.gr

Annals of Hematology
|February 8, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6r), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are linked to multiple myeloma (MM) progression. These factors correlate with disease stage and severity markers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Angiogenesis is crucial for multiple myeloma (MM) progression.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) are key mitogens in cancer.
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) promotes myeloma cell growth, with signaling mediated by its receptor complex (IL-6r).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum levels of FGF-2, VEGF, IL-6r, and TNF-alpha and the stage and severity of multiple myeloma.
  • To assess the correlation of these angiogenic and inflammatory markers with established disease severity indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Serum concentrations of FGF-2, VEGF, IL-6r, and TNF-alpha were measured in 46 untreated MM patients.
  • Disease stage was determined using the Salmon-Durie criteria.
  • Disease severity was assessed by serum beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)M), C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha(1)-antitrypsin (alpha(1)AT), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels.

Main Results:

  • FGF-2, VEGF, IL-6r, and TNF-alpha were significantly elevated in MM patients compared to controls (p<0.008).
  • These markers were significantly higher in stage III MM patients versus stages I and II (p<0.03).
  • Positive correlations were observed between VEGF and FGF-2 with IL-6r, TNF-alpha, beta(2)M, alpha(1)AT, CRP, and LDH.

Conclusions:

  • Serum IL-6r and TNF-alpha levels increase alongside VEGF and FGF-2 with advancing MM stage.
  • These molecules correlate with biochemical markers of disease activity.
  • IL-6r, TNF-alpha, VEGF, and FGF-2 may play significant roles in multiple myeloma progression.

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