[Multivascular disease in clinical practice]

Nebojsa Despotović1, Mihajlo Zdravković

  • 1Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Zvezdara University Clinical Centre, Belgrade. ndsp@beotel.yu

Insights

Patients with peripheral arterial disease often have coexisting coronary artery disease. Routine screening for coronary artery disease is recommended when peripheral arterial disease is diagnosed.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Context:

  • Multiple arterial disease involves the simultaneous presence of ischaemic heart disease, carotid disease, and peripheral arterial disease.
  • Atherosclerosis is the primary underlying cause of these conditions.
  • The study included 150 patients exhibiting symptoms of disease in at least two major arterial systems.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the correlations between ischaemic heart disease, carotid disease, and peripheral arterial disease.
  • To assess the extent of arterial disease in the coronary, carotid, and lower extremity peripheral arteries using noninvasive and invasive methods.

Summary:

  • A statistically significant correlation was found between ischaemic heart disease and carotid disease (r = 0.939, p < 0.01).
  • Significant correlations were also observed between ischaemic heart disease and peripheral arterial disease (r = 0.834, p < 0.05).
  • A strong correlation was identified among all three conditions: ischaemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and carotid disease (r = 0.986, p < 0.01).

Impact:

  • The findings highlight a strong association between peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery disease.
  • Routine examination for coronary artery disease is crucial when clinical manifestations of peripheral arterial disease are present.
  • This underscores the importance of a comprehensive vascular assessment in patients with atherosclerosis.

Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...