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[Aging and carcinogenesis].

V N Anisimov1

  • 1Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, St. Petersburg 197758. geros@land.ru

Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii
|February 13, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Cancer incidence rises with age due to shared aging and carcinogenesis mechanisms. Strategies must address both external carcinogens and internal age-related changes to prevent cancer and manage aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Cancer incidence significantly increases with age in humans and animals.
  • Aging influences cancer susceptibility, promotion, and progression through various mechanisms.
  • Shared genetic processes like telomere dysfunction and DNA repair impact both aging and carcinogenesis.

Purpose:

  • To explore the intricate relationship between aging and cancer development.
  • To discuss mechanisms linking aging to increased cancer risk, including cellular senescence and genomic instability.
  • To analyze the impact of aging modulation on cancer incidence and latency.

Summary:

  • Aging predisposes to cancer via accumulated late-stage cells, altered homeostasis (immune/endocrine systems), and telomere instability.
  • Cellular senescence and telomere biology are strongly linked to human cancer, though their role in human aging requires further study.
  • Genetically modified mouse models with delayed aging show increased tumor latency, while accelerated aging models exhibit increased tumor incidence.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for cancer prevention strategies that target age-related internal changes alongside external carcinogen exposure.
  • Suggests that lifespan-extending drugs (geroprotectors) and genetic modifications could influence cancer latency and mortality.
  • Underscores the complex interplay between aging, carcinogenesis, and potential interventions, with implications for both aging populations and cancer risk management.

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