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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Modeling Brain Metastasis Via Tail-Vein Injection of Inflammatory Breast Cancer Cells
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The breast cancer conundrum.

J C Smith

    Southern Medical Journal
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Breast cancer survival rates are unreliable indicators of treatment effectiveness due to inaccurate tumor staging. Optimal breast cancer treatment focuses on complete tumor eradication and surrounding tissue ablation for superior patient outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Breast cancer survival rates are influenced by tumor spread and surgical ablation extent.
    • Current clinical staging of breast cancer tumor spread is often inaccurate.
    • This inaccuracy renders survival rates an unreliable metric for comparing treatment efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the reliability of survival rates as an index for breast cancer treatment quality.
    • To establish a principle for superior breast cancer therapy based on treatment methodology.
    • To determine the most effective approach for achieving a cure in breast cancer patients.

    Main Methods:

    • The study emphasizes the principle of ablating the primary breast tumor and adjacent expendable tissue.

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  • It advocates for early and complete eradication of the tumor and surrounding tissue.
  • The methodology focuses on the compliance of treatment with this core principle.

    • Main Results:

    • The interaction between tumor spread and ablated tissue determines patient survival.
    • Inaccurate tumor staging significantly impacts the reliability of survival rate analysis.
    • Superior treatment is demonstrated by adherence to the principle of maximal early ablation.

    Conclusions:

    • Survival rate comparisons are unlikely to identify superior breast cancer treatment methods.
    • The principle of ablating the primary tumor and maximal adjacent tissue is key to successful treatment.
    • Effective breast cancer therapy is best evidenced by adherence to this treatment principle, not solely by survival statistics.