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Related Concept Videos

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

6.1K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
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Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

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Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.8K
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

37.8K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
37.8K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

10.6K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Non-Invasive Ultrasound Assessment of Endometrial Cancer Progression in Pax8-Directed Deletion of the Tumor Suppressors Arid1a and Pten in Mice
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Non-Invasive Ultrasound Assessment of Endometrial Cancer Progression in Pax8-Directed Deletion of the Tumor Suppressors Arid1a and Pten in Mice

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[Study on the PTEN Tumor Suppressor Gene]

Hai-Feng Feng1

  • 1Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
|February 13, 2003
PubMed
Summary

The PTEN gene acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating cell growth and apoptosis. Mutations in PTEN disrupt these functions, allowing cancer cells to proliferate uncontrollably.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homolog) gene, also known as MMAC1, functions as a crucial tumor suppressor.
  • PTEN is identified as a lipid phosphatase, playing a key role in cellular signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of PTEN in cell growth control and tumor suppression.
  • To understand the implications of PTEN mutations in human cancers.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the biochemical function of PTEN as a lipid phosphatase.
  • Analysis of PTEN's interaction with its target lipid, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3).

Main Results:

  • PTEN dephosphorylates PIP3, a critical component in cell growth pathways.

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The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics
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Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Non-Invasive Ultrasound Assessment of Endometrial Cancer Progression in Pax8-Directed Deletion of the Tumor Suppressors Arid1a and Pten in Mice
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The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics
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  • Dysregulation of PIP3 by mutated PTEN can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis.

    • Conclusions:

    • PTEN mutations are implicated in the development of various human cancers.
    • Loss of PTEN function during tumorigenesis permits malignant cells to evade programmed cell death (apoptosis).