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[Orthopedic immobilization].

F Schuind1, F Moulart, J M Liegeois

  • 1Service d'Orthopédie Traumatologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgique.

Acta Orthopaedica Belgica
|February 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Traditional plaster of Paris casts remain a common choice for immobilizing osteoarticular trauma despite the availability of synthetic alternatives. While synthetics offer advantages like lighter weight and better durability, plaster is still preferred for acute injuries due to its malleability.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Trauma Surgery

Context:

  • Historically, plaster of Paris has been the standard for immobilizing osteoarticular trauma since the 19th century.
  • Synthetic casting materials emerged in the 1970s but have not fully replaced traditional plaster.
  • Thermoplastic materials are now utilized for splints and orthoses, especially for hand and wrist injuries.

Purpose:

  • To review the literature comparing traditional plaster of Paris casts with modern synthetic casting materials for osteoarticular trauma.
  • To evaluate the physical, mechanical, and clinical properties of different immobilization materials.

Summary:

  • Synthetic casting materials generally exhibit superior physical and mechanical properties compared to plaster of Paris.
  • Advantages of synthetics include being lighter, more resistant to humidity, more radiolucent, and producing less dust.

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  • However, synthetics are less malleable and can exert higher pressure during limb edema, making plaster of Paris more suitable for acute post-traumatic or post-operative phases.

    • Impact:

    • Plaster of Paris remains indicated for acute trauma due to its malleability and cost-effectiveness, despite higher replacement rates.
    • Synthetic materials offer significant benefits in non-acute settings or for specific applications where their properties are advantageous.
    • The choice of immobilization material requires careful consideration of injury type, patient factors, and clinical phase.