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Related Experiment Videos

Gene expression in autumn leaves.

Rupali Bhalerao1, Johanna Keskitalo, Fredrik Sterky

  • 1Umea Plant Science Center, Department of Plant Physiology, Umea University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden.

Plant Physiology
|February 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Autumn leaf senescence in aspen (Populus tremula) involves distinct gene expression patterns, with increased metallothionein and protease activity. Plastid protein synthesis significantly declines during this crucial plant developmental stage.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Leaf senescence is a complex developmental process involving coordinated changes in gene expression.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying senescence is crucial for plant science and agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare gene expression profiles between autumn-senescing aspen leaves and young, fully expanded leaves.
  • To identify key genes and pathways involved in the early stages of leaf senescence in Populus tremula.

Main Methods:

  • Construction and sequencing of two expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from field-grown autumn leaves and greenhouse-grown young leaves of aspen.
  • Development of a semiautomatic annotation and functional classification system for ESTs using modified Munich Institute of Protein Sequences (MIPS) criteria and multiple databases.

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  • Comparative analysis of EST abundance and functional categories between the two libraries.

    • Main Results:

    • Gene expression patterns differed significantly between senescing and young leaves.
    • Abundant ESTs in autumn leaves encoded metallothioneins, early light-inducible proteins, and cysteine proteases.
    • Identified homologs of known senescence-associated genes, including multiple protease and metallothionein genes, with 35 additional genes upregulated in autumn leaves.
    • Estimated a significant reduction (less than 10%) in plastid protein synthesis rate in autumn leaves compared to young leaves.

    Conclusions:

    • Early leaf senescence in aspen is characterized by upregulation of specific protease, metallothionein, and stress-related genes.
    • A substantial decrease in plastid protein synthesis accompanies the onset of autumn senescence.
    • The findings provide insights into the molecular reprogramming during plant senescence.