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Normal values for inner intercanthal, interpupillary, and outer intercanthal distances in the Indian population
V P Gupta1, P K Sodhi, R M Pandey
1University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
International Journal of Clinical Practice
|February 18, 2003
Summary
This study established normal ranges for inner intercanthal distance (IICD), interpupillary distance (IPD), and outer intercanthal distance (OICD) in Indians aged 3-80. Findings aid in diagnosing craniofacial conditions and manufacturing spectacles.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Anthropometry
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Establishing normative data for facial anthropometric parameters is crucial for clinical applications.
- Previous studies have focused on Caucasian populations, necessitating race-specific data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine normal ranges for inner intercanthal distance (IICD), interpupillary distance (IPD), and outer intercanthal distance (OICD) in a healthy Indian population.
- To assess the statistical significance of differences in these measurements between sexes and age groups.
- To develop regression equations for predicting these facial parameters.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 2500 clinically normal Indian individuals aged 3-80 years.
- Measurements of IPD and IICD were taken using a millimeter scale.
- OICD was measured using Hertel's exophthalmometer.
- Statistical analysis included calculating means, standard deviations, and applying t-tests and regression analysis.
Main Results:
- Normal ranges for males: IICD 20-36 mm, IPD 46-70 mm, OICD 76-105 mm. For females: IICD 20-36 mm, IPD 46-75 mm, OICD 71-105 mm.
- Statistically significant differences in measurements were observed in some age groups but not consistently across all.
- Gender generally did not significantly influence IICD, IPD, and OICD values in the Indian population.
- Normal values in this Indian cohort were generally lower than those reported for other racial groups.
Conclusions:
- This study provides essential normative data for IICD, IPD, and OICD specific to the Indian population.
- These reference values are vital for accurate diagnosis of craniofacial anomalies, surgical planning, and spectacle manufacturing.
- Understanding these race-specific anthropometric values contributes to improved clinical management and research in ophthalmology and plastic surgery.