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Videofluoroscopic evaluation of HIV/AIDS patients with swallowing dysfunction
R A Halvorsen1, S M C Moelleken, A T Kearney
1Department of Radiology, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
Abdominal Imaging
|February 20, 2003
Summary
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) often have swallowing difficulties. These issues increase their risk of aspiration, a serious complication.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Investigated swallowing abnormalities in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Focused on oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing.
- Examined the link between swallowing dysfunction and symptoms like dysphagia and odynophagia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between swallowing mechanism abnormalities and dysphagia/painful swallowing in HIV/AIDS patients.
- To identify risks of aspiration in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 17 patients (2 HIV, 15 AIDS) with swallowing complaints.
- Utilized videofluoroscopic examination of the oropharynx and biphasic esophagogram.
- Collaborated with a speech pathologist during videofluoroscopic studies.
Main Results:
- All 17 patients exhibited abnormalities in oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal swallowing phases.
- Eight patients aspirated, with six identified as silent aspirators (no cough reflex).
- Seven of the eight aspirating patients showed signs of aspiration pneumonia on chest radiographs.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of HIV-positive and AIDS patients experience swallowing dysfunction.
- These patients are at increased risk for aspiration, potentially leading to pneumonia.
- Early identification and management of swallowing issues are crucial for this population.