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Casting behavior of titanium alloys in a centrifugal casting machine
K Watanabe1, O Miyakawa, Y Takada
1Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkouchou-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. watakou@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
Biomaterials
|February 21, 2003
Summary
Commercial and experimental titanium alloys were tested for dental casting accuracy. Titanium-copper alloys showed lower fluidity, failing to fill complex molds effectively compared to other titanium types.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Casting Technology
Background:
- Dental casting demands high accuracy for complex shapes.
- Titanium alloys are crucial in dentistry due to their biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
- Understanding alloy flow behavior is key to successful dental restorations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the mold-filling capabilities of commercial and experimental titanium alloys for dental casting.
- To compare the fluidity and flow behavior of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti), Ti-6Al-4V (T64), Ti-6Al-7Nb (T67), and experimental titanium-copper (Ti-Cu) alloys.
- To assess the effectiveness of a novel perforated sheet mold technique in differentiating metal flow.
Main Methods:
- Casting of CP-Ti, T64, T67, and Ti-Cu (3%, 5%, 10% Cu) alloys using a centrifugal casting machine.
- Evaluation of cavity filling volume using a thin perforated sheet pattern.
- Assessment of molten metal flow behavior via a tracer element technique.
Main Results:
- CP-Ti and Ti-Cu alloys demonstrated similar cavity filling volumes.
- T64 and T67 alloys exhibited reduced cavity filling compared to CP-Ti and Ti-Cu alloys.
- Ti-Cu alloys showed lower fluidity and failed to reach the extremities of the mold cavities.
- The perforated sheet mold effectively distinguished the flow characteristics of the tested metals.
- Higher viscosity and wider freezing range of Ti-Cu alloys hindered sequential flow.
Conclusions:
- Titanium-copper alloys, despite similar filling volumes to CP-Ti, possess inadequate fluidity for complex dental casting applications.
- T64 and T67 alloys are less effective in filling intricate mold geometries compared to CP-Ti.
- The developed perforated sheet technique is a valuable tool for assessing dental alloy castability.
- Alloy viscosity and freezing range significantly impact the success of dental casting procedures.