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The terms Khalisa and dar-bahara in Jahangir's dastur -ul- amal and his physicians

A Chattopadhyay

    Bulletin of the Indian Institute of History of Medicine (Hyderabad)
    |February 25, 2003
    PubMed

    Insights

    Mughal Emperor Jahangir prioritized public health by establishing hospitals and prohibiting the sale of intoxicants like rice-spirit. His decrees aimed to improve the physical and moral well-being of his subjects.

    Area of Science:

    • Mughal history
    • Public health initiatives
    • Socio-economic policies

    Background:

    • Jahangir's reign (1605-1627) saw the implementation of twelve administrative orders (dastur-ul-amal).
    • The tenth order mandated the construction of hospitals and appointment of physicians, funded by the 'Khalisa' (crown lands).
    • The fifth order prohibited the manufacture and sale of rice-spirit (dar-bahara/dil-bahara).

    Discussion:

    • Scholarly debate exists on the translation of 'Khalisa', with 'crown land' being a more probable source of funding given Jahangir's income.
    • Jahangir's own historical accounts confirm the prohibition of rice-spirit (bhang and buza) due to health concerns.
    • The emperor also issued strict orders for the abolition of gambling.

    Key Insights:

    • Jahangir's administrative orders reflect a proactive approach to public welfare.
    • The establishment of hospitals and regulation of intoxicants underscore a concern for physical health.
    • Prohibition of gambling indicates a focus on moral well-being.

    Outlook:

    • Further research could explore the impact of these policies on public health outcomes.
    • Comparative studies with contemporary rulers' policies may offer broader insights.
    • Analysis of the long-term effects of these 'dastur-ul-amal' on Mughal society is warranted.

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