Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Therapeutic intervention with intra-articular steroid injections in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has evolved from experience with adults with inflammatory joint disease, with the earliest report being published in 1951. The technique has subsequently been introduced into paediatric rheumatology practice, although much of the evidence supporting its use remains anecdotal or based on open, non-controlled studies. This review examines the body of evidence relating to many aspects of treating children with JIA with intra-articular steroids, and is approached from both a medical and a physiotherapy perspective. Where appropriate, important areas for future research are identified and discussed.