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Photorhabdus species: bioluminescent bacteria as emerging human pathogens?
John G Gerrard1, Samantha McNevin, David Alfredson
1Gold Coast Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia. jgerrard@bigpond.net.au
Abstract:
We report two Australian patients with soft tissue infections due to Photorhabdus species. Recognized as important insect pathogens, Photorhabdus spp. are bioluminescent gram-negative bacilli. Bacteria belonging to the genus are emerging as a cause of both localized soft tissue and disseminated infections in humans in the United States and Australia. The source of infection in humans remains unknown.
Insights
Two Australian patients developed soft tissue infections from Photorhabdus bacteria. These bioluminescent Gram-negative bacilli, known insect pathogens, are increasingly causing human infections in Australia and the US.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathogen Discovery
Background:
- Photorhabdus species are known insect pathogens.
- These bacteria are Gram-negative bacilli and are bioluminescent.
- Emerging evidence suggests Photorhabdus is a potential human pathogen.
Observation:
- Two cases of soft tissue infections caused by Photorhabdus species in Australian patients are reported.
- The infections were localized soft tissue infections.
- The patients' specific exposure leading to infection was not identified.
Findings:
- Photorhabdus species can cause soft tissue infections in humans.
- This genus represents an emerging threat for human infections.
- Infections have been documented in both the United States and Australia.
Implications:
- Further research is needed to understand the transmission routes of Photorhabdus to humans.
- Clinical awareness of Photorhabdus as a human pathogen should be increased.
- Diagnostic and treatment strategies for Photorhabdus infections may need development.