[Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: indications, techniques, and oncological outcome]

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Surgical Oncology
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a growing indication for surgical intervention.
• Laparoscopic surgery offers benefits of minimally invasive approaches combined with established surgical principles.
• The laparoscopic transperitoneal approach with intact specimen extraction is standard for radical nephrectomies at our institution.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the indications, techniques, and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in a single center.
• To evaluate the safety and efficacy of this minimally invasive technique in 100 cases.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective review of 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.
• Analysis of surgical outcomes including tumor size, blood loss, and surgical time.
• Histopathological evaluation and oncological follow-up for up to 30 months.

Main Results:

• Mean tumor size was 5.9 cm; mean operative time was 211 minutes.
• Histological findings included pT1 (66%), pT2 (11%), and pT3 (19%) stages.
• Negative surgical margins in all patients; positive lymph nodes in 3%.
• No local recurrence or port metastasis observed during follow-up.
• Progressive disease occurred in 2 patients with pT3G3 tumors.

Conclusions:

• Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is a routine and effective treatment for renal cell carcinoma.
• The technique adheres to sound surgical principles and provides favorable oncological outcomes.
• Follow-up data up to 30 months confirm the long-term effectiveness and safety of this approach.