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Normative data for a working memory test: the four word short-term memory test.

Lisa A Morrow1, Christopher Ryan

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. morrowla@msx.upmc.edu

The Clinical Neuropsychologist
|February 28, 2003
PubMed
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This study offers normative data for the Four Word Short-Term Memory Test, a working memory measure based on the Brown-Peterson paradigm. Findings provide age and education-stratified performance benchmarks for adults aged 18-65.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Brown-Peterson paradigm is a common method for assessing short-term memory.
  • Neuropsychologists use short-term memory tests in clinical and research settings.
  • Normative data is essential for interpreting test results accurately.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide normative data for the Four Word Short-Term Memory Test.
  • To establish performance benchmarks for adults aged 18-65.
  • To stratify normative data by age and education level.

Main Methods:

  • The Four Word Short-Term Memory Test was administered to 350 subjects aged 18-65.
  • The test involves recalling four words after a distractor task (counting backwards).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Distractor intervals included 5, 15, and 30 seconds.

    • Main Results:

    • Normative data were collected from a large sample (N=350).
    • Data were stratified by age and education, presented in overlapping midpoint intervals.
    • Percentile rankings based on age and education were provided.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides essential normative data for the Four Word Short-Term Memory Test.
    • These data facilitate accurate interpretation of working memory performance in adults.
    • The test and its normative data are valuable tools for neuropsychological assessment.