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Neighborhood differences in social capital: a compositional artifact or a contextual construct?

S V Subramanian1, Kimberly A Lochner, Ichiro Kawachi

  • 1Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, 7th Floor, Boston, MA 02115-6096, USA. svsubram@hsph.harvard.edu

Health & Place
|March 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Neighborhoods significantly impact social capital, even after accounting for individual characteristics. This research highlights social capital as a true contextual construct, influenced by place, not just personal attributes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Urban Studies
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Social capital assessment often aggregates individual trust and reciprocity perceptions.
  • Individual perceptions are influenced by personal attributes.
  • Neighborhood-level social capital requires understanding contextual factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine socioeconomic and demographic attributes correlating with individual social capital perception.
  • Determine the extent these attributes explain neighborhood variations in social capital.
  • Ascertain if neighborhood differences persist after controlling for individual factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multilevel modeling procedures for analysis.
  • Employed data from the 1994-95 Community Survey of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured social capital via respondent perceptions of neighborhood trust.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant neighborhood differences in trust perception were observed.
    • Individual demographic (age, sex, race, marital status) and socioeconomic (income, education) factors were accounted for.
    • Neighborhood variations in social capital perception remained significant.

    Conclusions:

    • Social capital is a genuine contextual construct.
    • Neighborhood-level factors demonstrably influence social capital.
    • Place-based attributes contribute to social capital beyond individual characteristics.