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Soy isoflavones: hope or hype?

Lorraine A Fitzpatrick1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Maturitas
|March 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Soy isoflavones, like genistein and daidzein, impact lipid metabolism, bone health, and cognition. This review examines their effects and mechanisms, aiding interpretation of supplement study results.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Dietary supplements are widely used, with soy-based products containing phytoestrogens like genistein and daidzein.
  • These compounds interact with the estrogen receptor, influencing various physiological processes.
  • Understanding their effects is crucial given the prevalence of supplement use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interpretation of studies on soy isoflavones.
  • To discuss the mechanism of action of soy isoflavones.
  • To synthesize existing literature on the effects of soy isoflavones on lipid metabolism, bone health, and cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating soy isoflavones.
  • Analysis of research on phytoestrogen mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of data on effects on serum lipids, bone metabolism (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bone markers, bone mineral density), and cognitive function.

Main Results:

  • Soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein) modulate serum lipids.
  • These compounds influence bone metabolism, affecting osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • Evidence suggests potential impacts on bone mineral density and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Soy isoflavones exhibit diverse physiological effects.
  • Further research is needed to clarify their impact on human health, particularly cognition.
  • Careful interpretation of studies is necessary due to complex mechanisms and varied outcomes.

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