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Brucellosis as a world problem.

M Abdussalam, D A Fein

    Developments in Biological Standardization
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Brucellosis, a widespread zoonotic disease, causes significant economic losses globally, particularly from cattle and swine infections. Increased animal production in developing nations exacerbates its spread, necessitating enhanced control measures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Zoonotic Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Brucellosis is a highly prevalent and economically devastating zoonotic disease.
    • Brucella melitensis infections in humans often correlate with caprine and ovine infections, particularly in regions like the Mediterranean basin, Central Asia, and Latin America.
    • Bovine brucellosis is globally distributed and causes substantial economic losses, exceeding those from sheep and goat infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the global distribution and economic impact of brucellosis across various animal hosts.
    • To emphasize the increasing incidence in developing countries due to intensive animal production under suboptimal conditions.
    • To underscore the need for improved epidemiological surveillance and control strategies for brucellosis.

    Main Methods:

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    • Review of existing epidemiological data on brucellosis incidence in humans and animals.
    • Analysis of economic losses attributed to brucellosis in livestock, particularly cattle and swine.
    • Identification of geographical foci and risk factors associated with brucellosis transmission.

    Main Results:

    • Brucellosis is widespread, with significant foci identified globally, and its incidence is increasing in many developing regions.
    • Bovine brucellosis causes immense economic damage, with annual losses in the USA and Latin America alone estimated at $700 million.
    • Swine brucellosis is a major concern in the Americas, second only to bovine brucellosis in economic importance, with numerous human cases of Brucella suis infection reported annually.

    Conclusions:

    • Brucellosis remains a significant global public health and economic threat, requiring coordinated international efforts for control.
    • Incomplete official reporting necessitates the application of laboratory methods for accurate epidemiological assessment.
    • Continued support from organizations like FAO and WHO is crucial for implementing control measures, training, and research in endemic areas.