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Related Experiment Videos

Living with a large reduction in permited loading by using a hydrograph-controlled release scheme.

Paul A Conrad1, William P Martello, Nancy R Sullins

  • 1U.S. Geological Survey, 720 Gracern Road, Columbia, SC. 29210, USA. pconrads@usgs.gov

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|March 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A variable loading scheme was developed for the Myrtle Beach area to meet Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) requirements. This approach allows increased assimilative capacity during high streamflow, ensuring water quality standards are met without prohibitive costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Quality Management
  • Wastewater Treatment

Background:

  • The Pee Dee, Waccamaw, and Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway system near Myrtle Beach faces a 60% reduction mandate for point-source loading due to ammonia and biochemical oxygen demand.
  • South Carolina's "0.1 rule" limits cumulative dissolved oxygen impact to 0.1 mg/L for permitted dischargers in waters with naturally low dissolved oxygen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a variable loading scheme for municipal water-reclamation facilities to accommodate rapid growth near Myrtle Beach.
  • To enable dischargers to utilize increased assimilative capacity during high streamflow while complying with TMDL and "0.1 rule" regulations.

Main Methods:

  • Established an extensive real-time data-collection network in the Waccamaw and Pee Dee River watershed for continuous water quality and streamflow measurements.

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  • Calibrated and validated dynamic BRANCH/BLTM models to simulate water quality and tidal dynamics.
  • Analyzed assimilative capacities for various streamflows and established total loadings for three streamflow levels.
  • Main Results:

    • Model simulations indicated that the variable loading scheme resulted in less than a 0.1 mg/L reduction in dissolved oxygen.
    • Redesigned the real-time network to monitor streamflow and dissolved oxygen "sags" within the study area.
    • Demonstrated that permit holders can implement restrictive limits without significant capital expenditure or lengthy appeals.

    Conclusions:

    • A variable loading scheme effectively balances wastewater treatment facility needs with stringent water quality regulations.
    • The study provides a practical framework for managing water quality in dynamic estuarine systems facing development pressures.
    • Real-time monitoring and dynamic modeling are crucial for optimizing wastewater discharge strategies and ensuring regulatory compliance.