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Engineering evolution to study speciation in yeasts.

Daniela Delneri1, Isabelle Colson, Sofia Grammenoudi

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, 2.205 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.

Nature
|March 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Genomic rearrangements in Saccharomyces yeasts impact hybrid viability. Imposing collinearity between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces mikatae genomes resulted in viable but aneuploid hybrids, suggesting a role in speciation.

Area of Science:

  • Yeast genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Saccharomyces 'sensu stricto' yeasts mate but produce sterile hybrids.
  • Previous studies found chromosomal translocations don't correlate with speciation in these yeasts.
  • The role of genomic rearrangements in reproductive isolation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of genomic collinearity in Saccharomyces speciation.
  • To experimentally assess the impact of chromosomal translocations on hybrid viability and fertility.

Main Methods:

  • Reconfigured the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome to be collinear with Saccharomyces mikatae.
  • Performed crosses between engineered S. cerevisiae and wild-type species.
  • Analyzed hybrid spore viability and ploidy.

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Main Results:

  • Imposed genomic collinearity in S. cerevisiae x S. mikatae hybrids yielded viable but aneuploid spores.
  • Similar results were observed in crosses with the naturally collinear species Saccharomyces paradoxus.
  • Non-collinear crosses did not produce viable aneuploid spores.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic collinearity influences Saccharomyces hybrid viability and ploidy.
  • Chromosomal translocations may contribute to reproductive isolation barriers.
  • This study suggests a mechanism for generating genomic redundancy in S. cerevisiae.