Malformation of the canine mitral valve complex

Twenty-nine dogs, including 13 Great Danes and 5 German Shepherd Dogs and averaging 7.3 months age, were diagnosed clinically and radiographically as having mitral regurgitation. Alterations of the mitral valve complex included enlarged anulus; short thick leaflets, with an occasional cleft; short and stout or long and thin chordae tendineae; upward malposition of atrophic or hypertrophic papillary muscles; insertion of one papillary muscle directly into one or both leaflets; and diffuse endocardial fibrosis, occasionally with jet lesions in te left atrium. Other cardiac anomalies included dysplasia of the tricuspid valve (5 dogs), patent ductus afteriosus (2 dogs), aortic stenosis (2 dogs), and ventricular septal defect (1 dog).